Tuesday, August 18, 2015

Physiological Basis for Schizophrenia?

In one of the latest developments in the Century of the Brain, Yale scientists may have detected a physiological basis for schizophrenia [bold added]:

"The areas in blue represent low level of connectivity
between thalamus and prefrontal cortex, while
 the areas in yellow show excess connections
in those at risk of schizophrenia." (news.yale.edu)
Schizophrenia usually develops late in adolescence or early adulthood but is often proceeded by some early warning signs such as mild suspicion, a perception that outside stimuli carry a special personal significance, or hearing a voice calling the individual’s name...

Researchers developed whole-brain functional connectivity maps of 243 people who experienced early warning symptoms and 154 healthy subjects, and then followed them for two years. They found a decrease in functional connectivity between the thalamus and prefrontal cortex regions in the at-risk group that was particularly pronounced in those who went on to develop full psychosis. However, the at-risk group also had excess connectivity between thalamus and sensory areas of the brain.
We're a long way from being able to screen children widely for brain abnormalities, much less knowing what to do about them when they are found. The progress in neuroscience has been astounding, yet it can't come quickly enough for those who are afflicted by mental illness and their families.

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