Lilo & Stitch (2025 Film) Critics are Misguided About the Ending

Actress Amy Hill (Tutu) has a lock on older-Hawaiian-lady roles

The Lilo & Stich live action remake has been criticized by some movie reviewers (but not the audience, with world-wide box office currently over $800 million). Some of the criticism has been directed at the ending. Caution: spoiler alert following.

Big sister Nani, who has looked after Lilo because their parents have died, will go to the Mainland for college, supposedly leaving Lilo in the hands of foster care. According to writer Christine Hitt, these critics don't understand the Hawaiian tradition of hānai.

At the end of the 2002 animated version, Lilo and Nani live happily ever after together with Stitch and their other alien friends. In the live-action remake, however, Nani agrees with the social worker, Mrs. Kekoa, that Lilo should live elsewhere. Then it’s revealed that Lilo will live with Tutu, a new character who is a longtime family friend and neighbor. Tutu and Lilo then tell Nani that she should follow her own dreams: going to college in California to study marine biology at UC San Diego.

“While the movie says that ‘Ohana’ means ‘nobody gets left behind,’ Lilo is literally left behind in Hawaii,” wrote Robert Pitman of ScreenRant. On social media, others agree. “The new lilo and stitch live action has rewritten the ending to showcase an indigenous hawaiian woman (the character, not the actor) giving up her indigenous hawaiian sister to the foster care system so that she can leave her homeland and go to school on the mainland. It’s a concerning display of imperialist ideology to say the very least,” wrote dorothyannedouglas on Threads.

However, these views fail to look at family through a Hawaiian lens.

Nani isn’t abandoning Lilo or giving her up. She’s not leaving Lilo behind, because Tutu is a part of their ohana too. At the end of the movie, the social worker Mrs. Kekoa facilitates a type of hanai relationship among Lilo, Nani and Tutu. “It is usually a much easier transition in these foster situations if the family, hanai or otherwise, are involved,” Mrs. Kekoa says, referring to Tutu as their hanai family. However, hanai is never explained in the movie. A Hawaiian tradition, hanai is a type of adoptive relationship, which really can’t be compared to the Western definition of adoption. Hanai is more complex and fluid, with many variations.

Disney’s definition of ohana throughout the film is heartwarming but incomplete. To understand hanai, one must first understand the concept of ohana from a Native Hawaiian perspective. The word ohana refers to the oha, or shoots, growing out of the taro plant — the same plant that is considered to be an ancient relative to all Native Hawaiians. The oha represent the many people who make a family, all tied together in this important bond.

In Hawaiian culture or otherwise, it isn’t uncommon for a grandparent or other relative to step in and help care for kids. The common phrase “It takes a village” comes to mind. Like a village, the Hawaiian family is shaped by many people who take on multiple roles.

“In Hawaiian, there is no word for aunt or uncle. They are all mothers and fathers. We have no word for cousins. They are brothers and sisters,” acclaimed Native Hawaiian scholar Mary Kawena Pukui once said in a 1971 article in the Honolulu Star-Advertiser. Similarly, in “Lilo & Stitch,” the character’s name Tutu is the Hawaiian word for grandparent but can also be used to refer to anyone of that generation. And in Hawaii, auntie and uncle are commonly used out of respect for elders, no matter if they are related by blood or not.

Hanai dives deeper into the makings of a family and expands upon it. In Hawaiian tradition, grandparents took first-born grandchildren, natural parents renounced all claims, and sometimes babies were given to other relatives who asked for them, according to a book that Pukui co-authored, “Nana I Ke Kumu (Look to the Source).” Hanai also applies to non-blood relationships.

The practice is well known in Hawaii. Pukui was hanai to her maternal grandmother and also later raised hanai children. Hawaiian Queen Liliuokalani was hanai at birth and raised among royals. One of my uncles was hanai.

“In this traditional practice, there was no feeling of turning the child over to strangers as there is with present-day adoption,” the book continued. “The whole feeling was that the first grandchild belonged to the grandparents. … The baby remained within the all-important unit — in which his own parents held only junior rank — the family clan or ohana. However, the child knew and was usually visited by his natural parents.”

Hanai isn’t giving a child away; rather, it’s sharing a precious gift, strengthening bonds between people and extending what it means to be family. It can be done for different reasons, but this structure allowed for young parents to work and provide for the family while grandparents reared them, instilling cultural values in the kids and teaching them generational knowledge. It’s similar to what Tutu is doing now with Lilo for Nani.

When I was growing up, I often called older acquaintances "uncle" or "auntie." Not only did the word "friend" seem too distant, but because Oahu is a small island there were many people whom I knew but didn't find I was related to until years after I met them.